The Chapels

In the 1940s and 50s social life in Cwmtwrch was centred on the chapel and public house. There were eight active chapels, each with its own distinctive architecture, and representative of the major non-conformist denominations in Wales at that time. There were three Welsh Baptist Churches - Beulah, Capel Newydd, and Bryn Seion; two Independent Chapels - Bethel and Ebenezer, and three others - Bethania Welsh Calvinistic Methodist, The Mission Hall, and a Forward Movement Mission. The Roman Catholic and the Church of Wales were conspicuous by their absence. As a child I attended the Mission Hall Sunday School and Band of Hope. The Mission Hall was a wooden structure with a tin roof, in sharp contrast to the fine buildings of the other churches. The highlight of the year was the Whit Sunday procession when all the Sunday Schools in the village marched to the Ffynnon (an ancient sulphurous water spring) in Lower Cwmtwrch for an open-air Gymanfa Ganu (hymn singing festival). The Sabbath was fairly strictly observed with the pubs closed and no rugby or football matches played. The Mission Hall held a preaching convention every Christmas with busloads coming from as far as Kenfig Hill, Bridgend. The Mission was bilingual but most of the preaching was in English. It was started in the late 1900s a few years after the Welsh Revival of 1904.