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The tramway offered holiday-makers an alternative means of escape from the beach to the Esplanade, other than by the 224 steps cutting through the Spa Gardens, and all for just 1d.

The swannery was probably created to provide food for the abbey on high days. The monks made a duck decoy tunnel to ensure that the abbot's table was well supplied.

Before the promenade defences were completed in 1905, Blackpool's sea-front hotels were literally that, with only a narrow road separating them from the waves that crashed onto the beach.

A steamer sets out from Exmouth Pier, watched by boatmen on the nearby beach.

There are plenty of changing tents on this beach, where a group of boys wave at the camera (centre foreground).

The promenade along the harbour gave tourists the opportunity to take a refreshing walk along the seafront.

Disturbed water at the cliff base indicates the power and force of the seas as they surge into the bay and crash against the beach.

Here, looking towards Ingoldmells Point, are the sandy beach and the sand dunes, a view now radically changed by the more recent sea defences with a massive concave-fronted sea wall forming a promenade

When the ice retreated after the last Ice Age, deposits of boulder clay were deposited along the east coast.

Although Brighton and Hove have now been amalgamated into a city, in the past Hove was a much quieter and more conservative town than its neighbour.

Southend, the famous Thames estuary seaside resort, was developed from the late 18th century onwards. Originally it was a few fishermen's huts at the end of a lane south of Prittlewell.

These are the gaunt Victorian lines of the Coastguard Station at West Bay, looking eastwards towards East Cliff, with Rocket Houses seaward from it (right).

In this picture the new promenade and sea wall provide plenty of space to walk, while the beach below gives a hint of what it looked like in its natural state.

The pebble beach beside Lyme Bay acts as a dam at Charmouth, and prevents the River Char from having a conventional estuary.

Weymouth's beach has gently sloping sands and is mostly sheltered from the storms and swells of the English Channel, making it suitable for the youngest and most inexperienced of bathers.

Originally a rough roadway through the cliffs to the beach known as Cart Gap, the Gangway was constructed in concrete in 1898 by Steward & Patteson brewery, the owners of the Ship Hotel.

A leisured stroll on the cliff-top path leads to Cromer - otherwise rest awhile on the benches and admire the scenery and beach activities.

Apart from the areas around the mouth of the Bourne Stream, much of Bournemouth was built to the rear of the long line of cliffs, necessitating many stairways down to the beach for energetic visitors

This picturesque locality has always attracted the eye of artist and photographer. One Victorian guide book writer described Beer as 'a rare subject for the pencil'.

Until Blackpool's third pier was built at South Shore in 1893, the one here was known as South Pier.

The gardens we see in photograph H32090 can be seen just beyond the cars on the left, with St Hilda's Church behind the houses on the left.

The shingle beach here is showing the beginnings of a tourist industry, but in the late 19th century fishing was still important.

In this early view of the beach, there are already signs of local businesses capitalising on the new influx of visitors, with terraces of newly-built lodging houses and cheap hotels.

This crowded beach scene shows minstrels performing on the sands.