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French soldiers were held as prisoners at Odiham during the Napoleonic wars, living in a camp dug out of an old chalk pit. The churchyard contains the graves of several prisoners.

The Chalk Pits industrial and historical museum is nearby, next to the main line railway station.

The village of Winster is one of the most complete 18th-century villages in Derbyshire, founded on the wealth won from the numerous lead mines which still pit the fields which surround it.

had become one of the leading ironmasters in South Yorkshire, thanks to a leasing arrangement with the Earl of Shrewsbury which gave him access to Shrewsbury charcoal woods and coal and ironstone pits

Fritton Lake, like the Broads, originated as a series of peat pits in the medieval period. It was later used as a duck decoy. The ducks were drawn into the decoy by the decoy man's dog.

Since its official opening in Coronation year (1953) by Sir Noel Arkell, this area in the centre of the town has been known as Queens Park.

Coppet Hall's name is believed to be derived from 'coal pit haul': before the laying of the railway track in the 1870s, a tramline existed on which coal was hauled on horse-drawn trucks to

Bishopsteignton was once a rich manor belonging to the Bishops of Exeter; in the 19th century it was producing thousands of tons of ball clay (so called because when dug it tends to ball up like ice cream

A few doors up is the distinctive facade of a small cinema, or 'flea pit' as they were sometimes known.

However, people have always lived here, and the hillside is covered with the remains of bell pits - ancient open-cast mines where people have dug for coal from the 13th century.

Most of the Rhondda was deep pit mining but there is evidence, in the right foreground, of some open cast mining on a small scale.

Some of the buildings in the village are built from a grey stone quarried from the fuller's earth pits.

Carclaze started as an open excavation for tin, and it was often visited by tourists in the early 19th century. Only later did it become a china clay working.

Copper (and also, to a lesser degree, lead) have been mined here since Roman times, so that the whole area of hillside behind the town is said to have dozens of pits, caves and tunnels.

mixture of a rural and industrial landscapes; to the left, corn is stacked up in stooks ready for harvesting, while to the right, behind the houses, a chimney and the huge shape of the spoil tip of the pit

An iron works was opened in 1837, but it was the discovery two years later of ironstone deposits at nearby Shotley Bridge, and the opening of coal pits during the 1840s, that sparked off the town's growth

In the garden of No 2, on the bottom left of the picture, a plague pit was found with the remains of five skeletons, a legacy of the Black Death in 1348- 9.

South Shields was not only a port with shipyards and ship repairers; it was also a colliery town, with a pit almost in the town centre.

This picture looks down the village of Wales towards Kiveton Park, both pit villages which boomed from 1867 during the heyday of the South Yorkshire coalfield.

The sides are covered with the remains of bell pits, ancient open-cast mines where people have dug for coal since the 13th century.

Trees now obscure this view, but the surrounding heathland has become even more scarred by clay pits, sand extraction and a brickworks.

The Congregational Church stood to the east of the police station on the south side of Carshalton Road, until it was demolished in 1976 as part of a scheme of road improvements.

It was down Baxtergate that Freeman, Hardy and Willis had their branch. Coal mining was a major employer: Doncaster was ringed with pit villages.

This beautiful sunken garden has been created in a disused gravel pit. Following the death of the owner, the site was acquired by the town and first opened to the public in 1960.