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Water power was used to drive woollen mills well into the 19th century. Today, many of the former mills have been put to other uses as industrial units or as retail outlets.

Two windmills, Jack and Jill, are located on the top of the Downs overlooking the village far below.

Saltaire owes its existence to Sir Titus Salt, who moved his alpaca and mohair mills here in the 1850s. The railway station is on the Midland line from Bradford to Skipton.

Between the village and the mill was the Apprentice House, where pauper children were housed, receiving their keep and training in return for working in the mill.

This one, with the beck running through it, was built up in the 19th century to house workers at the nearby mill, where for a hundred years John Wilford & Sons produced linen, flax and wool.

In this view the mill had only a couple of years left as a corn mill; the buildings on the right were cleared away in the 1960s, along with the carpet factory (originally a Victorian hemp and twine

Built in the early 18th century, this post mill stopped grinding corn in 1897, and deteriorated badly after this photograph was taken.

The Oughton flows to West Mill, feeding the millpond.

The river Axe tumbles from the caves to feed a paper mill, built in 1848 using local stone.

A water mill has stood here since Norman times, but this red brick corn mill dates from the early 1800s.

We can make out quite a few of the mill chimneys, but not the most famous of them all, the square 300ft India Mill chimney.

The massive mill on the right, part of the Bowling Green complex, still stands, and is now used by Damart.

In the early 1970s the mill was a definite 'No Go' area for Kempston children. Semi-derelict; a collection of rusting iron and crumbling brick, its former glories (few) were well hidden.

On the western edge of the North York Moors, Osmotherly was a centre for milling, weaving and clog making, and it grew considerably in the hundred years from 1750.

Mills crowd in towards the town centre, following the course of the river Roach and its tributary the Spodden. Textile mills reached their peak of prosperity at this time.

The new mills and factories not only changed the skyline of Carlisle: they had a radical impact upon the very nature of the city.

This photograph shows the remains of the weir added across the top of the waterfall to increase the power to the nearby Castle Mill, which was extended by the paper maker James Cooke in 1865

This photograph shows the remains of the weir added across the top of the waterfall to increase the power to the nearby Castle Mill, which was extended by the paper maker James Cooke in 1865

Broadbridge Mill is an ancient mill site by the River Arun. It was a prosperous business powered by two waterwheels that drove six pairs of millstones.

Here the Aire used to drive the grinding wheels of the Queen's Mill (centre); it was taken over in 1921 by the Natural Food Company, led by the health innovator Dr Thomas Allinson, who firmly believed

Although yet early, the mill by the roadside is already at work, and the forge of the blacksmith's shop at the Reigate Road corner is in full blast.

This lovely village extends from Highwood Hill to the north to Mill Hill East underground station in the south.

The building in this view of the river Avon is Cleeve Mill.

The sails of the mill last turned towards the end of the 1880s, but from 1975 to 1990 it had a new lease of life when it became home to a glass engraving business.